PEMBANGUNAN PERTANIAN PADI DI KAMBOJA

Mayasuri Presilla, Rucianawati Rucianawati, Dina Srirahayu

Abstract

Cambodia is one of the ten largest rice exporting countries in the world market.  Although its reputation is not as great as those of Thailand and Vietnam, the growth of rice production and export is worth to be reckoned.  In one decade, an increase of rice production by nine percent per year was followed by an increase of rice export each year.  This proves that Cambodia has succeed to struggle from its adversity due to war and colonialism.  However, it cannot be denied that Cambodia still faces diverse obstacles in increasing rice production.  With all of its limitations, Cambodia has tried to use its resources and collaboration networks as the means to address those obstacles.  By looking at the historical and sociological aspects, this study provides a comprehensive picture of rice development in Cambodia, which places more emphasis on recent obstacles and efforts in rice farming. 

Keywords

Globalization

Full Text:

PDF

References

Antara, 2013.”Ekspor Beras Kamboja Melonjak 125 Persen”. (http://www.investorpialang.com/read-news-12-33-4728-ekspor-beras-kamboja-melonjak-125-persen.investor.pialang, diakses 24 Juli 2014).

Asean Affairs. 2011. “Cambodia’s rice production up despite floods in 2011”. (http://www.aseanaffairs.com/cambodia_news/economy/cambodia_s_rice_production_up_despite_floods_in_2011, diakses 10 Januari 2013).

Asian Development Bank (ADB) and United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2004. Greater Mekong Sub region Atlas of the Environment.

Baldwin, Katherine. 2009. “Country Spotlight: Cambodia Returns as a Rice Exporter”. A Report from the Economic Research Service. United States Department of Agriculture.

Bansok, Ros; Nang Phirun dan Chhim Chhun. 2011. Agricultural Development and Climate Change: The Case of Cambodia. Working Paper Series No. 65. Phnom Penh: CDRI Publication. Page 1 – 71.

Butwell, Richard. 1988. ‘Sungai Mekong’. Negara dan Bangsa, vol. 3, p. 207. Jakarta : Grolier International Inc.

Cambodia Organik. 2011. “Cambodia Rice Export 2011". (http://www.cambodiaorganic.com/news-16-cambodia-rice-export-2011--cambodia-can-export-high-quality,-and-hug-quantity-rice-to-other-countries.html, diakses 2 Februari 2013).

CARDI. 2011e. “Partner”. (http://www.cardi.org.kh/?page=detail&menu1=7&ctype=article&id=7&lg=en, diakses 3 November 2014).

Chandler, David. 1998. A History of Cambodia. Chiang Mai: Silkworm Books.

Hayami, Yujiro and Vernon W. Ruttan. 1985. Agricultural Development: An International Perspective. The United States of America: The John Hopkins University Press.

Helmers, K. 1997. “Rice in the Cambodian Economy: Past and Present” dalam H.J. Nesbitt (ed.), 1997. Rice Production in Cambodia. Cambodia-IRRI-Australia Project. Manila: International Rice Research Institute.

IFPRI. 2011. “Extension and Advisory Services in Cambodia”. (http://www.worldwide-extension.org/asia/cambodia/s-cambodia, diakses 15 Oktober 2014).

IRRI. 2014a. “Rice Research and Capacity Building”. (http://irri.org/our-work/locations/cambodia, diakses 20 Oktober 2014).

IRRI. 2014b. “Cambodia Rice Variety Named World’s Best”. (http://irri-news.blogspot.com/2014/01/cambodia-rice-variety-named-worlds-best.html, diakses 20 Oktober 2014).

Johnston, R.; Robert M Try, dan de Silva S. 2013. Ground Water for Irrigation in Cambodia. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ICIAR) Investing in Water Management to Improve Productivity of Rice-Based Farming Systems in Cambodia Project. Issue Brief No.3. bo, Sri Lanka: IWMI

Kompas. 2012. “Selamat Datang Beras Kamboja!”, (http://bisniskeuangan.kompas.com/read/2012/08/28/19114724/Selamat.Datang.Beras.Kamboja, diakses 10 September 2014).

Kompas. 2013. “Ekspor Berasnya Menjulang, Kamboja Makin Percaya Diri”, (http://internasional.kompas.com/read/2013/09/18/1601254/Ekspor.Berasnya.Menjulang.Kamboja.Makin.Percaya.Diri, diakses 10 September 2014).

MAFF. 2010. Report 2009-2010. Phnom Penh: MAFF.

Nesbitt, H. J. 1997. Rice Production in Cambodia. Phnom Penh: IRRI.

Nhean. 2014. “Cambodia’s Rice Rich History”. The Phnom Penh Post. (https://www.phnompenhpost.com/post-plus/cambodias-rich-rice-history, diakses 1 Oktober 2019).

Phnom Penh Post. 2013. “Cambodia Milled Rice Exports Rise Slightly”. (http://www.phnompenhpost.com/business/cambodian-milled-rice-exports-rise-slightly, diakses 13 Oktober 2014).

Ruttan, Vernon. W. 1998. “Models of Agricultural Development”. Dalam Carl K Eicher dan John M. Staatz (eds), International Agricultural Development. 3rd Edition, London: John Hopkins University Press, hal. 155-162.

Sareth, Chea dan Kumi Yasunobu. 2006. Recent Irrigation Policy and Community Irrigation System in Cambodia. Cambodian Journal of Agriculture Volume 7 Number 2. July – December 2006. Men Sarom (Eds.). Phnom Penh: CARDI. Page 22-35 dalam Cambodian Journal of Agriculture Volume 7 Number 2. July – December 2006. Men Sarom (Eds.). Phnom Penh: CARDI.

Sothorn, Kem; Chhim Chhun; Theng Vuthy; dan So Sovannarit. 2011. Policy Coherence in Agricultural and Rural Development: Cambodia. Phnom Penh: CDRI Publication. Working Paper Series No. 55. Page 1-68.

Srey, Vuthy. 2012. “Seed Sector Development in Cambodia”. (http://www.adbi.org/files/2012.12.11.cpp.day.1.sess3.1.vuthy.seed.sector.devt.cambodia.pdf, diakses 15 November 2014).

Theng, Vuthy dan Ben Flower. 2013.”Policy Priorities for Raising Rice Yield and Output in Cambodia”. Annual Development Review 2013-2014: Development Inclusiveness, Sustainability and Governance in Cambodia . A CDRI Publication. Hal. 68-80.

Theng, Vuthy dan Keo Socheat. 2013. “The Impact of Agricultural Extension Services on Rice Production: evidence from Panel Data of Nine Rural Villages in Cambodia”. Annual Development Review 2013-2014. A CDRI Publication. Hal. 96-114.

United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, 2012

USDA. 2010. “Cambodia”. (http://www.pecad.fas.usda.gov/highlights/2010/01/cambodia/, diakses 15 Januari 2013).

VOA Cambodia. 2012. “Rice Production Increases as Country Moves Toward 2015 Export Goal”, http://www.voacambodia.com/content/rice-production-increases-as-country-moves-toward-2015-export-goal/1502343.html, diakses 16 Januari 2014).

VOV, 2018. “Kamboja Memperhebat Pengembangan Ekspor Beras”. (https://vovworld.vn/id-ID/rumah-asean/kamboja-memperhebat-pengembangan-ekspor-beras-651031.vov, diakses 1 Oktober 2019).

VOV5. 2014. “Ekspor Beras Kamboja Meningkat Drastis pada tahun 2013”, (http://vovworld.vn/id-id/Berita/Ekspor-beras-Kamboja-meningkat-drastis-pada-tahun-2013/211262.vov, diakses 10 Oktober 2014).

Yu, Bingxin dan Xinshen Diao. 2011. "Cambodia's Agricultural Strategy: Future Development Options for the Rice Sector". A Policy Discussion Paper, hal. 1-26.

Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Kajian Wilayah
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.